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Peridot (Olivine)

Peridot is a gem-quality Olivine. The name "Peridot" originated from Arabic word faridat, meaning "gem". Or as Oxford English Dictionary suggests it came from classical Latin pæderot - a kind of opal.
The colour of peridot gems can vary from yellow- to olive- to brownish-green, depending on quantity of iron in the crystal structure. The most valued colour is a dark olive-green.

Peridot Gemstones by Colour

This table shows the variety of hues this gemstone can be found in. Click on a photo for more information.
 
 
 

Peridot Gemstones by Size

This table shows distribution of Peridot gemstone sizes that are listed on this site. This can give a good indication as to the general availability of this gemstone in different sizes.
Contributed photos
Lightest:0.94 cts
Heaviest:49.64 cts
Average:13.24 cts
Total photos:21
Do you have a larger Peridot? Why not upload a photo?
0.94ct to 5.81ct5.81ct to 10.68ct10.68ct to 15.55ct15.55ct to 20.42ct20.42ct to 25.29ct25.29ct to 30.16ct30.16ct to 35.03ct35.03ct to 39.90ct39.90ct to 44.77ct44.77ct to 49.64ct
General Information
Varieties/Types:
Fayalite - An iron-dominant olivine mineral.
Forsterite - A magnesium-dominant olivine mineral.
Other Names/Trade Names:
Chemical Formula
(Mg,Fe)
 
2
SiO
 
4
Arthur Thomas, Gemstones (2009)
Peridot Simulants
Imitations are often constructed of corundum and spinel syntheses. Evergreen bottle glass can be mistaken for peridot. - Gemstones of the world, Walter Schumann, 2001, p 158
Physical Properties of Peridot
Mohs Hardness6.5 to 7
Herve Nicolas Lazzarelli, Blue Chart Gem Identification (2010)
More from other references
Specific Gravity3.27 to 3.48
Herve Nicolas Lazzarelli, Blue Chart Gem Identification (2010)
More from other references
TenacityBrittle
Walter Schumann, Gemstones of the world (2001)
Cleavage QualityIndistinct
Walter Schumann, Gemstones of the world (2001)
More from other references
FractureConchoidal
Arthur Thomas, Gemstones (2009)
Optical Properties of Peridot
Refractive Index1.650 to 1.710
Herve Nicolas Lazzarelli, Blue Chart Gem Identification (2010)
More from other references
Optical CharacterBiaxial/+
Herve Nicolas Lazzarelli, Blue Chart Gem Identification (2010)
More from other references
Birefringence0.035 to 0.038
Herve Nicolas Lazzarelli, Blue Chart Gem Identification (2010) DoublingMore from other references
PleochroismWeak: yellow-green - green - (colorless)
Herve Nicolas Lazzarelli, Blue Chart Gem Identification (2010)
More from other references
Dispersion0.020
Arthur Thomas, Gemstones (2009)
ChatoyancyRarely star 4/6
Herve Nicolas Lazzarelli, Blue Chart Gem Identification (2010)
More from other references
Colour
Colour (General)Green, yellow-green, brown-green
Ulrich Henn and Claudio C. Milisenda, Gemmological Tables (2004)
More from other references
Causes of ColourYellowish green, Fe2+ in octahedral series coordination. Green, Fe2+ with minor amounts of Cr3+ in octahedral coordination
W. William Hanneman, Pragmatic Spectroscopy For Gemologists (2011)
TransparencyTransparent
Ulrich Henn and Claudio C. Milisenda, Gemmological Tables (2004)
More from other references
LustreVitreous,Greasy
Walter Schumann, Gemstones of the world (2001)
More from other references
Fluorescence & other light emissions
Fluorescence (General)None
Walter Schumann, Gemstones of the world (2001)
Crystallography of Peridot
Crystal SystemOrthorhombic
Herve Nicolas Lazzarelli, Blue Chart Gem Identification (2010)
More from other references
HabitShort, compact prisms, vertically striated.
Walter Schumann, Gemstones of the world (2001)
More from other references
Inclusions in Peridot
Disk-like "lily pad", black chromite octahedrons, glassy rounded drops - Blue Chart Gem Identification, Herve Nicolas Lazzarelli, 2010, p 4

Discoidal cracks often with a dark chromite crystal at the centre (lily pads), needle-like inclusions, healing cracks, minute fluid droplets - Gemmological Tables, Ulrich Henn and Claudio C. Milisenda, 2004, p 17
Further Information
Mineral information:Peridot information at mindat.org
Significant Gem Localities
China
 
  • Jilin
    • Jilin
      • Jiaohe City
Henn (1999)
Egypt
 
  • Red Sea Governorate
Brooker et al. (2004)
Ethiopia
 
  • Oromia Region
    • Megado
Kammerling and Koivula (1995)
Myanmar
 
  • Mandalay Region
    • Pyin-Oo-Lwin District
      • Mogok Township
        • Bernardmyo
Ted Themelis (2008) Gems & mines of Mogok
Ted Themelis (2008) Gems & mines of Mogok
Ted Themelis (2008) Gems & mines of Mogok
          • Pyaung Gaung
Kammerling et al. (1994)
Ted Themelis (2008) Gems & mines of Mogok
Norway
 
  • Møre og Romsdal
    • Vanylven
      • Almklovdalen
[var: Forsterite] mindat.org
Pakistan
 
  • Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province
    • Mansehra District
      • Kaghan Valley
gemexplorer.org
Hammer (2004)
USA
 
  • Arizona
    • Gila County
      • San Carlos
gemexplorer.org
Copyright © Jolyon & Katya Ralph 1993-2025. Site Map. Photographs are copyright of the individuals who submitted them. For more information please contact the . Gemdat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free gemmological information to all.